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Knitting Madonnas

Have you heard of ‘knitting madonnas’? Until a few days ago, neither had I! I was aware of a medieval painting of Mary, mother of Jesus, knitting a jumper in the round on four needles, which many modern knitters would consider advanced, but not that this was only one of several medieval paintings that depict Mary knitting. 

Detail from the Buxtehude Madonna by Master Bertram of Minden circa 1390s

To my delight I learned the other day that there is a knitting madonna that shows Mary holding an unfinished piece of stranded colourwork! It is clearly a cuff either for a sleeve, glove or stocking.

Detail from Madonna dell’ Umiltà by Vitale da Bologna circa 1353

All the knitting madonnas show Mary knitting in the round, which is unsurprising as in the medieval period all garments were knitted in the round. As far as I can tell knitting garments in pieces to be sewn together was a Victorian development.

Detail from Madonna Operosa by Tommaso da Modena circa 1345
La Sacra Famiglio by Ambrogio Lorenzetti circa 1319-1348

My favourite medieval religious art depicting knitting shows not Mary herself knitting, but it is one of the female saints sitting near her who is knitting what appears to be a child’s sock, maybe for the infant Jesus. An early depiction of Christmas sock knitting? Though it wasn’t an English painting, this Spanish work is particularly relevant to the history of knitting in England, where during the Tudor period stocking knitting became at major industry, lasting for many hundred of years in the rural dales.

Detail from El retablo de Nuestra Señora de la Iglesia Mayor de Borja by Nicolás and Martín Zahortiga circa 1460-1477

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